Warren ii



(No Model.) W. H. TAYLOR,

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

No. 558,622; Patented Apr. 21, 1896.

, IJNTTEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VARREN H. TAYLOR, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE YALE & TOVVNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 558,622, dated April 21, 1896. Application filed May 13, 1895. Serial No. 549,183. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, IVARREN H. TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Deer Checks and Closers; and I do hereby declare the following specification to be a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, such as will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in the form of door checks and closers comprising, essentially, a door-closing spring and a checking-piston suitably connected to the spring and working in a liquid-chamber and adapted to regulate the closing action of the spring.

My present invention differs from others in that the piston, of peculiar construction, is pushed through a body of liquid, which may be said to be stationary in a suitable cham' her, while in other door checks and closers of this class the liquid is driven round and round or back and forth by the piston. The action of the piston through the liquid is regulated by certain devices, which will be hereinafter fully described.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will first describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, and afterward particularly point out the novelty in the annexed claims.

I11 said drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved door check and closer. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the piston-cylinder, showing the piston of peculiar construction in end elevation and taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views illustrating the device for regulating the action of the piston in the cylinder.

The spring-casing 1 and piston-chamber 2 are preferably formed integral with a central circular bearing 3 formed in their dividingwall.

5 is the customary spiral door-closing spring. supported in the casingl and having its outer end suitably attached to the casing and its inner end connected to the rotatable sleeve 8, which is loosely j ournaled in the flanged central opening 13 of the covering-plate 12, which fits on top of the spring-casing. The sleeve 8 is formed with the customary ratchet-rim 9.

is a crank-wheel journaled in the bearing 3 and formed with a crank-pin 11.

isa spring-shaft having a squared lower end engaging in a suitable socket formed in crank-wheel 10 and a squared upper end, which is adapted to engage the customary crank-arm, (not shown,) which is provided with a suitable dog forengaging the ratchetarm 9 of the sleeve 8, so that the opening of the door will wind the spring 5 at the same time that the crank-wheel 10 is rotated.

The casing and crank-arm above referred to are adapted to be attached to the door and lintel in any preferred manner.

The piston which operates in the cylinder 2 is of peculiar construction, being composed of a small cylindrical section 15, having longitudinal grooves 15, a larger end section 16, secured to or formed integral with section 15 and having circular openings 16 corresponding with the grooves 15, a solid ring-section 17 of larger diameter than section 16 and se cured to or formed integral with said section at its other end, a larger ring-section 18 adjacent to the ring 17 and formed with peripheral notches 18, and a sliding split ring 20 movably mounted upon the section 15 and of sufficient size to nearly fill the cylindrical bore of cylinder 2 and adapted to be expanded by suitable means to completely fill the cylinder. The split ring 20 is clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4, from which it will be clear that it is split on its periphery for about one-third of its circumference and cut radially on its opposite faces so as to form two overlapping tongues 20 and 20 each of which is provided with a V notch 21 in its upper edge.

25 is a rear guiding portion of the piston fitted in the cylindrical bore of the chamber 2 and connected to the head of the piston just described through the rod 26, which may be formed integral with it and with the section 15 of the piston-head. The crank-wheel 10 is suitably connected to the piston-rod 26 by means of the pitman 27, pin 28, and pin 11.

Supported in a suitable chamber or cavity IOO in the top of the cylinder 2 is a wedge 29, having a tapering edge 29 adapted to engage the notches 21.

30 is a thumb-screw seated in a suitable screw-threaded opening and having its end engaging the'face of the wedge 29, bymeans of which the wedge can beheld to its work.

The structure will be clearer from a description of its operation.

The cylinder 2 is supplied with the proper amount of oil or other liquid. The parts are shown in the position they assume when the door is in closed position. When the door is opened,the compound piston is withdrawn, the split ring 20 remaining stationary for a moment, while the section 15 moves longitudinally in said ring, bringing the end 16 against it, while the section 17 moves away from it, which movement opens a space between solid ring 17 and split ring 20 and allows the liquid to flow from the rear of the compound piston over sections 17 and 18 through the grooves 15 and holes 16 to the front of the piston, so that the motion of the piston in that direction is comparatively unobstructed. During this movement it will be understood that the ring 20 is moved back by the end 16. WVhen the door is released, however, the spring forces the piston in the reverse direction, causing the solid ring 17 to slide up against the ring 20, which remains at rest, and close the openings through holes 16 and grooves 15, above referred to. The only escape for the liquid then is through the space between the periphery of the split ring 20 and the cylinderfand as the ring 17 moves the split ring 20 along the tapering edge of the wedge 28 it expands, and this space is gradually closed.

By means of the wedge 29 the closeness of the fit of the ring 20 to the cylinder may be regulated, and this in turn will regulate the closing action of the door.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a door-checking device, the combination with a liquid-cylinder of a compound piston provided with one or more suitable openings and comprising a movable and expansible ring normally of less diameter than the diameter of the cylinder which automatically permits the liquid to pass through the piston opening in one direction and closes them in another, and means for gradually expanding said ring whereby the liquid is obliged to gradually pass between the periphery of the ring and the wall of the clyinder and thereby check the closing movement of the door, substantially as described.

2. In a door-check, the combination of the liquid-chamber, a piston located in the liquid chamber and composed of a movable and expansible ring and a relatively-movable part working therein provided with openings for the passage of liquid, and suitable means for expanding the ring, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a door-check, the combination of a liquid-chamber, a piston provided with an expansible split ring fitting in the liquidchamber and suitable means for expanding the split ring, substantially as set forth.

4. In a door-checking device, the combination of the liquid-chamber, the piston supported in the liquid-chamber and provided with an expansible split ring, and an adjustable Wedge or block adapted to engage said split ring and expand it, substantially as set forth.

5. In a door-checking device, the combination of a liquid-chamber, a piston supported in the liquid-chamber and provided with a grooved section 15, a solid section 17, and a ring slidingly supported on the section 15, substantially as set forth.

6. In a door-check, the combination of a liquid-chamber, a piston supported in the liquid-chamber and comprising the grooved cylindrical section 15, the section 16 having corresponding openings, the solid section 17, and the movable expansible section 20, and the wedge-block 29, substantially as set forth.

7. In a door check and closer, the combina tion of a door-closing spring, a liquid-chamber, the piston supported in the liquid-cham her and provided with an expansible ring having overlapping notched lips, and an adjustable wedge-block, adapted to engage the notches of said overlapping lips and expand the ring, substantially as set forth.

\VARREN I-I. TAYLOR.

\Vitnesses SCHUYLER MERRITT, GEO. E. WHITE. 

